bactrocera correcta life cycle

Individual flies at different developmental stages, from 6-h-old eggs to third instars, were exposed to 0.92 mg/liter phosphine for 1â7 d at 5°C. Adult male guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Photograph by Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org. A quarantine is established against the following pest, its hosts and possible carriers. The larvae then drop from the fruit to pupate in the soil. Photograph by Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org. hÞbbd```b``þ"H¦ ÕÌv'@$ÛzÉRYV3,þÌ&÷Ie0é"'öIÆ¢Ý vRd0øYÙ Ù41°;A¤{=\AùX¼DòùÉú[nn»æä&÷ xj The Insect Pest Control Subprogramme carries out Research and Development activities (R&D) at the Insect Pest Control Laboratory located at the FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories in Seibersdorf, 35 km southeast of Vienna. This marking sometimes is interrupted in the median portion, but in fully hardened specimens it appears to be complete at least as a narrow brown to black line. Photograph taken in Australia. Dacus (Strumeta) correctus (Bezzi) Photograph by Jeff Lotz, Division of Plant Industry. Figure 1. Figure 4. Bactrocera dorsalis and B. correcta are serious pests of agricultural fruit crops. Once sexual maturity is reached (which takes approximately 9 days), adults engage in the mating process and the life cycle repeats. It has spread to other parts of the world, in particular to several countries in the Near East and to Egypt. The following is a generalized life history for Bactrocera fruit flies. Larvae of many species of fruit flies are unknown. I 10/9/01 EXOTIC FRUIT FLY REGULATORY RESPONSE MANUAL 5A.1 SECTION 5: APPENDIX A â FFHM LISTS Section 5, Appendix A: Fruit Fly Host Material Lists Common Name Scientific Name Bactrocera correcta (Diptera: Tephritidae) Liu, Xiaofei and Ye, Hui* School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. He indicated that Bactrocera correcta is readily differentiated by having the mesonotum predominantly black through the median portion of the mesonotum, covered with gray pubescence and with three rather indistinct subshining black, narrow vittae, rather than rufous; and usually by having a complete transverse band in the furrow across the lower part of the face, rather than the usual two black facial spots of related species. This laboratory-based study examined the effects of low-temperature phosphine fumigation on the survival of the eggs and larvae of the guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Pupation occurs in the soil. This study focuses more on life history of B. carambolaethat are need to be determine before any management control takes place. â¦ Bactrocera zonata, in India called "the Ranchi peach-pest," is very injurious to peach, mango, and several other fruits, including ripe Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa (Bael fruit), Careya arborea Roxb., Ficus carica L. (cultivated fig, common fig, lemon fig), Lagenaria vulgaris (white gourd), and Manilkara zapota (L.) Van Royen (as Achras sapota) (sapodilla), all of which must be considered potential hosts of Bactrocera correcta. 2005). Life Cycle of Fruit Fly is divided in to four stages . Full-grown larvae enter the soil for pupariation. 1980. Egg: Eggs are laid in fruit by female. CAB International. Bactrocera correcta is a brightly-colored brown and yellow fly approximately 6.0 millimeters (mm) in length. Description Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi, 1916), commonly known as the guava fruit fly, is of concern as an invasive pest in tropical and subtropical countries. Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) Asian guava fruit fly is less well known than other economic fruit flies, because, in its native areas it usually occurs in mixed assemblages of more aggressive competitors, such as oriental fruit fly and peach fruit fly. Bezzi M. 1915. Bactrocera correcta has been detected numerous times in California since 1986 and in Florida since 1999 (Anderson and Dixon 2008), but has not become established. (as Coffea robusta), Eugenia uniflora L. (as Eugenia mitchelli), Mangifera indica L. (mango), Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (peach), Psidium guajava L. (guava), Ricinus communis L. (castor bean, castor-oil-plant, palma christi, wonder tree), Santalum album L. (sandalwood, white sandalwood), Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston (as Eugenia jambos) (roseapple), and Ziziphus spp., including Ziziphus jujuba Mill. A guava fruit fly. Figure 8. tion on the survival of the eggs and larvae of the guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). This is the actual fly captured in Apopka, Florida on 4 May 2001. Thoracic-Lateral view of an adult guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). For integrated management of both Bactrocera species, understanding their olfactory behavior is vital for designing reliable control strategies. Photograph taken in Australia. B. correcta (Guava FF), etc. Caudal view of an adult female guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi), showing ovipositor sheath and fully extended ovipositor. Most species that have been investigated demonstrate that the life cycle can be accomplished more quickly during warmer temperatures than in even slightly less warm â¦ Anterior view of an adult guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi), often referred to as the "guava fruit fly" (although the larvae of many other species of fruit flies feed on guava - and Anastrepha striata Schiner is also called the "guava fruit fly") (White and Elson-Harris 1994), was detected for the first time in the Western Hemisphere when one female was found on 6 August 1986 in Garden Grove, Orange County, California. A genetic sexing strain (GSS) is an essential component for pest control using the sterile insect technique (SIT). Generally, life cycle of fruit fly indicated six development stages: mating, oviposition, egg, larvae, pupae and adults while the larval have three development stages (1st, 2ndand 3rdinstar). The adult lifespan for B. dorsalis is about 90 days, and the flies have been reported to travel up to 30 miles in search of new egg laying sites and food, such as decaying fruit and plant nectar. Hardy DE. Genet. Adult female guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). California Department of Food and Agriculture Pest Detection/Emergency Projects personnel responded promptly by deploying Jackson/methyl eugenol and McPhail traps at 50 traps in the epicenter miles. This stage of larvae development takes around 10-12 days. Recorded hosts include Citrus spp., Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehn. Photograph by Division of Plant Industry. Hosts: Important hosts include mango, peach, orange, jujube and tropical â¦ Bactrocera correcta is similar to the exotic B. dorsalis but differs in having transverse facial spots, an apical wing spot instead of a costal band and costal cells devoid of microtrichia. In India, males were found to be attracted to tulsi plant (Ocimum sanctum) which yields aromatic oils, 40% of which are methyl eugenol. Figure 3. 601 pp. %PDF-1.6 %âãÏÓ Photograph taken in Australia. Of the two additional adult males detected, one was trapped in a Jackson/methyl eugenol trap hung in a peach tree in Westminster, the other in a Jackson/methyl eugenol trap deployed in a grapefruit tree in Midway City. To compare relative cold treatment tolerance across the economically important tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), four populations of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), and Bactrocera â¦ Two additional adult males were detected in Orange County on 9 August 1986. The adult female detected in California was found in a methyl eugenol-baited Jackson trap. Triology, Vol 47, No.1. Trapping in the surrounding 80 square miles was increased to five Jackson/methyl eugenol traps per square mile. Pacific Insects Monograph 31: 1-353. Photograph by Division of Plant Industry. Base developmental temperature thresholds are Oxon, UK. â¦ Citation: Zhao Y, Li Z, Gu X, Su Y and Liu L (2020) Imaginal Disc Growth Factor 6 (Idgf6) Is Involved in Larval and Adult Wing Development in Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) (Diptera: Tephritidae). ... LIFE CYCLE. Photograph by Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org. %%EOF If an infestation were to go unchecked and to become established in U.S. areas such as California or Florida, Bactrocera correcta has the potential to become a major pest of citrus, peach and several kinds of tropical and subtropical fruit hosts. Jallundur, India. In light of â¦ A GSS is developed using a combination of Y-autosome translocation and a selectable marker such as pupal color, resulting in heterozygous males and homozygous females that possess wild â¦ It was first recorded in China in 1982 in Yuanjiang, in southern Yunnan Province. Results. Hardy (1973) stated that Bactrocera correcta is differentiated from other species known from Thailand and surrounding regions by having the face with the black transverse band at the lower third and by having the costal end of the wing interrupted in cell R3, beyond the tip of vein R2+3. Closeup of ovipositor tip of an adult female guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Microreticulation near base of the ovipositor of an adult female guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Bactrocera zonata Bezzi. Ovipositor of an adult female guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Single adults were captured in fruit fly detection trap in Apopka (Orange County) on 4 May 2001, in Oviedo, FL, on 30 July 2001, in Orlando (Orange County) on 29 February 2008 (Anderson and Dixon 2008), and in Orange County in late August 2011. A transcriptional and functional analysis of heat hardening in two invasive fruit fly species, Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera correcta Evol Appl . Legs mostly yellow. Anderson PJ, Dixon WN. There is no developmental information on B. correcta, but it is probably similar to B. zonata and B. â¦ Photograph by Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org. 2019 Apr 10;12(6):1147-1163. doi: 10.1111/eva.12793. Mated females deposit eggs within the flesh of the fruit on a host plant. 111 pp. Hardy DE. Wings are almost entirely hyaline with the subcostal cell yellow, a very faint tinge of yellow along the costal margin in apex of cell R1, and a narrow brown spot at lower apex of cell R3 and upper apex of cell R5. 293 0 obj <>stream Basal segment short, approximately equal in length to terga 5 and 6 and about 0.8 mm long. Thoracic-Lateral view of an adult guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Adults emerge 7 - 10 days later and feed for a period of tiâ¦ Wing of an adult guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) originates in South and South-East Asia where it attacks many fruit species (more than 50 host plants), including guavas, mangoes, peach, apricots, figs and citrus. The Laboratory specializes in applied research, and method development â¦ Keywords: Bactrocera correcta, imaginal disk growth factor 6, RNA interference, death, wing malformation. B. correcta was recorded for the first time in Tamil Nadu, India, in 1995, where it caused guava fruit damage ranging from 60 to 80%. Cubital cell faintly yellow and no cubital streak developed. Larval: Larvae plays a key role in damaging guava fruits as it feeds on fruit pulp for its development. However, George Steyskal, in his letter dated 26 August 1986, observed that specimens in the (U.S.) National Museum of Natural History collection, all identified by Hardy, show distinct interruption of the two facial bars. These eggs get hatched within 1-2 days. Life History Development from egg to adult under summer conditions requires about 16 days. The coding sequences of tra were highly conserved in Bactrocera â¦ The fruit flies (Tephritidae--Diptera) of Thailand and bordering countries. The guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta, is one of the major pests affecting mango (Mangifera indica) and guava (Psidium guajava) production in China. life cycle 1 fly F2 2 flies within a 3 mile (4.8 km) radius during 1 If ALL finds are >4.5 miles (7.2 km) from commercial host production area: 8 flies (either sex) within a 3- mile (4.8 km) radius during 1 life cycle. sexes entirely yellow. Larvae hatch in a few days and burrow into interior of the fruit to feed on the pulp for 4 - 12 days. We monitored the spread of B. correcta in the field during 2017 and 2018, and found that it had â¦ Many species of Bactrocera have not been well-studied. The results show that with B. dorsalis (Liu et al. 11:451. doi: â¦ Bactrocera dorsalis and B. correcta were sourced from their first inâ vaded range in China, from Guangdong province (N 23.40, E 113.22) for B. dorsalis with the annual mean temperature 21.7°C and from Yunnan province (N 23.60, E 102) for B. correcta with the annual mean temperature 25.8°C (Li, Wu, Chen, Wu, & Li, 2012; Liu & Ye, â¦ The guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an invasive pest of fruit and vegetable crops that primarily inhabits Southeast Asia and which has the potential to become a major threat within both the Oriental and Australian oceanic regions as well as California and Florida. RT-PCR revealed that B. dorsalis tra (Bdtra) and B. correcta tra (Bctra) transcripts contained conservation of both constitutive exons and male-specific exons as in other Bactrocera.However, new Bdtra male-specific exons were retained, diversifying the pattern of the male-specifically spliced transcripts. Adults usually are collected by use of stickyboard and baited traps. Figure 10. Figure 5. Photograph taken in Australia. 44-134. It is similar to B. zonata but has a predominantly black scutum. Figure 2. Ovipositor tip of an adult female guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi). 1994. Sterna of both In this study, the response of female B. dorsalis and B. correcta â¦ The results the femalesâ mean longevity of D. ciliatus may also help to understand the life cycle was 42.0 days at 25 C. strategy of B. zonata and D. ciliatus in its Temperature is â¦ After introduction, it can easily disperse as it has a high reproductive potential, high biotic potential (short life cycle, up to 10 generations of offspring per year depending on temperature), a rapid dispersal ability and a broad host range. In recent years, B. â¦ Pyrosequencing reveals a shift in symbiotic bacteria populations across life stages of Bactrocera dorsalis Awawing A. Andongma 1, Lun Wan , Yong-Cheng Dong1, Ping li2, Nicolas Desneux3, Jennifer A. White4 & Chang-Ying Niu1 1College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, â¦ Adult female oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), laying eggs in fruit. 274 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[245 49]/Info 244 0 R/Length 132/Prev 202667/Root 246 0 R/Size 294/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Within Florida, two flies were captured in the Titusville area (Brevard County) in August 1999. Piercer gradually tapered to a short point, about 1.0 mm in length. Both species are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries, especially in Asia. In his redescription of Bactrocera correcta (as Dacus correctus), Hardy (1973) noted the close relationship of this species with Bactrocera zonata and that the wing markings and morphological details are similar in the two. An effort should be made to rear some larvae to adults in order to correctly associate larvae and adults and provide the basis for accurate specific identification. The duration of various immature stages varies at different temperatures. Graphics by Division of Plant Industry. Photograph by Division of Plant Industry. (a) Pest. 245 0 obj <> endobj 1973. (ber, jujube, Chinese date). 1977. Photograph by Division of Plant Industry. Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi), often referred to as the "guava fruit fly" (although the larvae of many other species of fruit flies feed on guava - and Anastrepha striata Schiner is also called the "guava fruit fly") (White and Elson-Harris 1994), was detected for the first time in the Western Hemisphere when one female was found on 6 August 1986 iâ¦ Trap density in the area of the original finds was five traps per square mile. The developmental time of the egg, larva â¦ endstream endobj 246 0 obj <. Pupal duration is â¦ Guava Fruit Fly (Bactrocera correcta), ... A life cycle is an estimate of insect phenology based on a heat degree day temperature driven model. hÞb```f``ºÇÀÊÀ yA2,@Èqa}6ÿsß30u40HtÅ430ô20Ê°ìfÜÁhÍªÄüQE5ÅeËÖ z|×0ÌIídÔqûÄ0G)á?ïPX¾*0& 7YÌä Ê0 ~ë Immature stages of Bactrocera correcta have not been described in the literature, and specimens were unavailable to the senior author from which to prepare descriptions. Bactrocera dorsalis performed better than B. correcta in the 37â40°C hardening range, while B. correcta differed from B. dorsalis in the 34â36°C range. 0 Family Tephritidae, pp. Bactrocera correcta occurs in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Figure 11. Kapoor VC, Hardy DE, Agarwal ML, Grewal JS. In his original description of Bactrocera correcta (as Chaetodacus correctus, Bezzi (1915)) stated that Bactrocera correcta was very near Dacus zonatus (now Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) - the peach fruitfly), but it is distinguished by the color of the thorax, and chiefly by the facial black spots being united to form a black transverse band; the whitish cross-band on the second abdominal segment is less developed, and the hind tibiae of the male are distinctly tuberculate before the end, similar to that of two closely related species, Bactrocera zonata (previously Dacus zonatus) and Bactrocera tuberculata (Bezzi) (previously Dacus tuberculatus). Accepted 14 April, 2009 The effect of temperature on the development and survival of the guava fruit fly, Bactrocera correcta On the fruit-flies of the genus. The major fruitfly species in Thailand are Bactrocera correcta and B. dorsalis. Both are strongly attracted to methyl eugenol.Malaysia has also completed a thorough nation-wide survey of fruitfly. Figure 9. (2008). endstream endobj startxref Export India Publications. Front. Figure 6. The other principle species recorded were B. dorsalis and B. zonata, although they were not as abundant as B. correcta. Fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritide) systematics of the Indian subcontinent. (August 2002). Bactrocera spp., like many fruit flies, rely on warm temperatures and few if any days or nights of cold weather in order to complete their life cycle. Bactrocera correcta Interior Quarantine. Bezzi (1915) noted that Bactrocera correcta lives in company with Bactrocera zonata (WW Saunders, 1841) and Bactrocera tuberculata (Bezzi, 1915), feeding on the same fruits. The effect of temperature on the development and survival of the guava fruit fly,Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) from egg to adultâs pre-ovipositional stage was studied in laboratory under 5 different constant temperatures: 18, 24, 30, 33 and 36°C. Within the Bactrocera genus, Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillet) andBactroceratau(Walker)havebeenconsideredeconomically important and widely distributed pests of agricultural crops ... can develop through all or part of its life cycleâ¦ Control programs in this country are based on the use of methyl eugenol, insecticide sprays, poisoned protein hydrolysate bait, and the â¦ White IM, Elson-Harris MM. The adults laid their eggs in the fruit causing blemishes and discoloration and the larvae bored inside the fruit. The mature larva emerges from the fruit, drops to the ground, and forms a tan to dark brown puparium. Larvae can be collected from infested fruit, killed in boiling water, and placed in 50% alcohol for two days, then to 75% isopropyl alcohol, but specific identification based solely upon larvae is difficult. No stages develop at 15°C or less, the optimum temperature is 25-30°C (Qureshi et al., 1993). Photograph by Division of Plant Industry. Ovipositor of female red, rather short, measuring approximately 3.0 mm when fully extended. Bactrocera correcta is a brightly colored little fly, predominately black with lateral yellow stripes, approximately 5.4 mm in length. The wings are clear with a light brown band along the leading edge and a spot at the tip. Fruit Flies of Economic Significance: Their Identification and Bionomics. Steck GJ. A hardening temperature of 35°C produced the largest benefit for B. correcta, while 38°C led to the largest hardening response for B. dorsalis . Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) has also been known as: Chaetodacus correctus Bezzi, Figure 7. 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